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CHLORAMPHENICOL
Product:
CHLORAMPHENICOL
Formulary:
Generic Formulary
Category:
Ear Nose
Sub Group:
AURAL PREPARATIONS
International Brand Name:
Alficetyn,Amphicol, Biomicin,Chlornitromycin,Chloromycetin,Chlosig, Fenicol,Chloramex
Dosages:
5% W/V+1% W/V
Unit of Packing:
5ML E/E DPS
In treatment of:
Treatment of Otitis Externa
Adverse Effects:
1.Bone marrow depression
2.Aplastic anaemia
3.Agranulocytosis
4.Thrombocytopenia
5.Gray baby syndrome
6.Super infections
7.Rashes & Hypersensitivity reactions
8.Angioedema
9.Nausea
10.Vomiting
11.Diarrhoea
12.Pain at injection site
Contraiindication:
1.Hypersensitivity to chloramphenicol
2.As a prophylactic agent in infections & In the treatment of trivial infections
Special Precaution:
1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Concurrent use of other drugs which cause bone marrow suppression
4.Porphyria
5.G6PD deficiency
Interaction:
Dicoumarol, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Tolbutamide & Chlorpropamide: Efficacy enhanced when Chloramphenicol administered concomitantly since it inhibits the metabolism of these drugs.
Cyclophosphamide: Efficacy reduced.
Acetaminophen: Efficacy of Chloramphenicol potentiated leading to toxicity.
Iron salts and Vit. B12: Haematologic response decreased.
Penicillin: Decreases efficacy of penicillin and increases serum concenteration of chloramphenicol.
Rifampicin: Reduces serum chloramphenicol levels (hepatic enzyme induction).
Tricyclic Anti-Depressants: Blood levels and adverse effects increased.
Mannitol & Hydrochlorothiazide: Increases renal excretion of chloramphenicol.
Servings:
Adults:
0.25 to 0.5gm four times daily or 50mg/kg/day
In severe infections & Meningitis: 100mg/kg/day four times daily
Maximum total dose: 28gm
Children:
25 to 50mg/kgm/day four times daily
In severe infections: 100mg/kg/day four times daily
